Pull Over the First Time You Smell It
Stop at the first real sign, not at the first convenient exit. The U.S. Fire Administration's guidance on vehicle fires opens with two steps in order: pull over as quickly as you can when it is safe, then turn off the engine. Shutting the engine down matters more than it sounds. It stops the fuel pump, it stops the alternator pushing current through wiring that may already be shorting, and it takes the engine bay from feeding a fire to merely holding one. Flip the hazards on in the same motion, before you get out.
Signal, move right, and take the shoulder or the nearest wide spot. A gore point or a dirt pullout beats another half mile of looking for somewhere nicer. On the 91 through Corona or the 15 toward Norco and Eastvale the right shoulder is all there is, and it is enough.
Neither of the following proves a fire, and both are worth a few minutes on a shoulder rather than fifteen more of driving while something melts. Stop for either one even when nothing is visible yet:
- A smell that changes as you drive, whether it reads as burning rubber, hot oil, melting plastic or raw fuel, and especially one that strengthens as you slow and the airflow drops.
- Smoke from any seam at all: the hood line, a wheel well, the dash vents, the gap at the base of the windshield.
Get Everyone Out and Back at Least 100 Feet
Once the car is stopped and off, everyone gets out and moves away. The USFA is specific about both the distance and the temptation: move everyone at least 100 feet from the burning car and well away from traffic, never return to a burning car, and do not try to fight the fire yourself.
A hundred feet is further than it feels. Picture seven or eight cars parked nose to tail, then walk past the last of them. The reason is not the flame, it is everything the flame can reach: a fuel tank, pressurized struts holding a hatchback open, tires, and on a hybrid or electric vehicle a battery pack that can reignite well after it appears to be out.
Never return is the harder rule to follow. A phone in the cupholder, a laptop bag on the back seat, a wallet in the console: none of it is worth the walk back. And unless you are already holding an extinguisher beside a small, contained fire with a clear path away from it, a car fire is not one a bystander puts out.
On a freeway shoulder the second half of that instruction carries as much weight as the first. Get away from the vehicle and away from the lanes in the same move: uphill of the shoulder, behind a barrier, over a guardrail where there is one. Everyone passing at speed is looking at the fire, which means nobody is looking at you.
Leave the Hood Closed
The instinct, once everyone is clear, is to pop the hood and look. Do not. The USFA's vehicle fire guidance is flat about it: if you think there is a fire under the hood or trunk, do not open it.
A fire in a closed engine bay is starved. It has the air sealed in there and whatever leaks past the grille. Lift the hood and you hand it an unlimited supply at face height, along with the heat and gas building underneath. A trunk or a hatch behaves the same way.
There is also nothing useful to see. A shorted harness, a weeping fuel line and a seized brake caliper all look identical from the outside once there is smoke. An engine company can open the hood from the side, with tools and a charged hose line, which is the only safe way it gets opened. Leave it shut and let them.